Food Allergy or Food Intolerance?That doesn't mean that you're imagining things, though. Certain foods simply do not agree with certain people. While in some cases a food allergy (hypersensitivity reaction) is to blame for our symptoms, it's more likely that it's a food intolerance (negative reaction). Recognizing Food Allergies Food hypersensitivity is caused by an immune response. When we eat certain foods (usually ones that are high in protein), the immune system may incorrectly identify them as harmful substances. It releases immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to fight off the offending substance, and this triggers the release of histamines. Histamines are responsible for allergy symptoms. They can cause a variety of reactions, depending on where they are released. Symptoms associated with food hypersensitivities include hives, itching, shortness of breath, chest pain and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea and stomach pain. A severe allergic reaction to food can be very dangerous. Symptoms may appear very quickly, and can include difficulty breathing, dizziness and a sudden drop in blood pressure, which could cause a loss of consciousness. That's why those with food hypersensitivities must take great care to avoid the foods they are allergic to, and should carry medication at all times in case of accidental ingestion. Recognizing Food Intolerance Negative food reaction is usually completely unrelated to the immune system. One exception is gluten intolerance, which is caused by an abnormal immune response that does not involve IgE antibodies. The most common type of a food negative reaction is lactose intolerance, a condition that is caused by a lack of the enzyme in the gut that digests lactose, or milk sugar. Food additives are often responsible for intolerance. The flavor enhancer MSG and preservatives known as sulfites are two additives that are often associated with intolerance. Both of these additives can cause symptoms that are often mistaken for allergic reactions. But in most cases, a negative food reaction is much less serious than food hypersensitivity. Intolerance may cause painful and bothersome symptoms such as stomach pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, but it is rarely life threatening. And unlike those with food allergies, people with negative food reactions can usually tolerate small amounts of the foods that affect them without developing symptoms. The symptoms of food intolerance and allergy are often similar, but it's important to know the difference. If you suspect that you have either condition, talk to your doctor. He can do tests to determine whether you're suffering from an allergy or intolerance and prescribe the right treatment.
|
